(Watson goes as far as labeling the scientific method 'the purest form of democracy there is.') Whereas the non-Western world once dominated intellectual spheres (The author notes that the Hindu mathematician Aryabhata calculated the value of pi and the solar year's length, determined that the earth revolved around the sun and discovered the cause of eclipses nearly a thousand years before Copernicus), Watson points to a grand-and specific-shift that changed that dynamic: 'The eleventh and twelfth centuries were a hinge period, when the great European acceleration began. The author asks the reader to approach his history 'as an alternative to more conventional history-as history with the kings and emperors and dynasties and generals left out,' and assumes 'readers will know the bare bones of historical chronology.' Central to Watson's approach is his belief that the scientific experiment, as it took root in medieval Europe, forever changed history's intellectual landscape. Watson presents a vast amount of information, but his greatest strength lies in his ability to make an immensely varied body of material coherent and digestible. Watson's (The Modern Mind) hefty tome distills history's greatest ideas and inventions into an impressive discourse on history's driving forces, enlivened by anecdotes and made approachable by Watson's casual, nearly conspiratorial, tone.

Ideas a history from fire to freud